Tag Archives: common area fee

The Collection of Unpaid Common Area Fees–A Success Story with Legs

Condominium, ,

Recently, a client of mine contacted me with a problem. He was the sole Trustee of a six unit condominium in Massachusetts, where I practice as a title attorney with over 40 years of experience. It seems that one Unit Owner had not paid common area fees for more than a year (believe it or not) and the Condominium was starting to feel the effects of the delinquency.

After chastising my client for waiting so long to get in touch with me, I went to work. Initially i sent a demand to the Unit Owner. As expected, this was ignored. My next course of action was a title search to determine the name of the Unit Owner’s mortgage lender. Once this was determined, I notified the lender of the large delinquency, including penalties, late fees and my fees, again to no avail. Finally, i pulled the trigger with the “silver bullet”–a complaint against the Unit Owner with notice that a foreclosure sale would soon take place to obtain funds to liquidate the outstanding indebtedness.

In Massachusetts, as well as most other jurisdictions, the amount owed for common area fees, when properly handled, constitutes a “super lien”, ahead even of the first mortgage. When the lender was notified of the fact that our law firm was taking the “super lien” step, they contacted me, asked how much the total outstanding indebtedness was and sent us a check for the total amount due, plus attorneys fees.

There are some great results which were realized by this exercise:

     1. The Condominium got every penny that was due.

     2. The Condominium did not have to pay our law firm any fees for services. These were paid by the lender, as part of their steps to remove the “super lien”.

     3. In future Questionnaires from othr lenders, the Condominium does not have to indicate a large receivable from a delinquent Unit Owner. Such disclosure often impeads getting a Condominium cleared for future mortgage loans.

There are some holes here, too. If the Unit Owner continues not to pay, future actions will need to be commenced. That will leave the Condominium with a 60 day or so shortfall on common area fees. On balance, however, the Condominium’s financial position has been much enhanced by the actions we have taken, and I would urge any of you who have this type of problem in buildings you manage, or are attempting to complete sales transactions, to contact knowledgeable counsel immediately to get the Condominium on this sure-fire collection course.

Difficult Condominium Trustees and Officers–The Enemy Down the Hall

Condominium, , , ,

Recently. I have experienced difficulty in dealing with Condominium “management”, so-called, with respect to matters which involve my clients. I am a Massachusetts title and real estate attorney, and in the course of my representing both Buyers, Sellers and current  Unit Owners of condominiums in Massachusetts, I have experienced an array of frustrations, including the following:
     1. Answering Lender Questionnaires.

Getting the condominium officials to respond to the Lender’s Questionnaire, so that a mortgage loan can be processed in connection with a sale. Recent underwriting restrictions have made the answers to the Questionnaire more important than ever. Most condominiums are not involved in litigation, or disputes with Unit Owners. The Lender needs to know these things, and the Questionnaire is the vehicle. Many times I have experienced situations where the Trustees just can’t get around to providing answers. There is no urgency for them, and they take theri sweet time.

     2.Disputes between the Trustees and a Unit Owner

These can range from permitting a Unit Owner to fix his or her Unit after a natural or other disaster to approving a request to do structural work to personal “vendettas” between neighbors. Most older documents do not have Arbitration provisions. In that situation, the affected Unit Owner often must initial litigation to rectify a perceived wrong. The irony of this type of situation is that once a litigation is begun, the affected Unit Owner  must pay not only his or her own legal fee, but a percentage share of the legal fee incurred by the Condominium Trustees to defend. As a practical matter, this unfairly inhibits the ability of a Unit Owner to protect his or her rights.

     3. Arbitrary or Capricious Trustees or Officers

There is not much that can be done with a person who wants to say “no” to every suggestion, even down to the need for the Trustees to have frequent meetings and keep minutes of meeting. If the difficult Trustee doesn’t like you. or doesn’t like anyone, you have a major problem, and the expense and stress of going to Court to have a Trustee removed is huge.
     4. Charges for Items that should be Free.

 Why is it really fair for a condominium to charge $150 for a Certificate that there are no Common Area liens on a Unit which is being sold? Why should a selling Owner be charged $200 for a “move-out” fee? Where is the justice in any of this, but, as most of you know, it happens, and it can chill transactions.

There are solutions to these problems, but they are not easy to effect, especially with the requirement that Mortgagees need to be involved in Master Deed amendments. These are some solutions which I would recommend, however, and they should improve the situation materially:

     1. Pay Trustees a decent stipend for serving. I would suggest forgiving two or three monthly common area fees for Trustees. That would encourage more people to become Trustees and eliminate the “Trustee for Life” people who have nothing better to do than frustrate the realistic requests of Sellers, Buyers and Unit Owners.

     2. Amend the Declaration of Trust to permit arbitration of disputes, with the losing party required to pay not only its fees and costs, but the fees and costs of the winning party. This approach would force more attention on reasonable compromises.

     3. Set term limits for management companies and Condominium officials. Change management companies every three years. Only permit Trustees to serve for two (2) terms. This will make it possible for new ideas and new approaches. it will, in effect, end “tyranny”  by the current regime.

Please let me know your ideas on this!!! I am quite willing to spearhead an offensive to change things in Condominium operations. Such changes are way, way overdue.

New Condominiums–More TRAPS for the unwary

Condominium, , , ,

It is starting to happen again. Just like it did in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s. Condominiums are in financial trouble, I have previously written a Featured Post about delinquent condominium Unit Owners and what Trustees MUST do to collect common area fees from them.

A similar, but potentially much more serious, situation obtains with the Condominium developer. As most of you probably know, as soon as the Master Deed is recorded, each Unit in the recorded document must start paying common area fees. There is some question whether each Unit needs to contribute the required amounts to the reserve account. That varies from state to state. Let’s just stick with the fee for each Unit for operations.

The law is that the developer must pay condominium common area fees for his unsold Units. I am afraid that this requirement is “more honored in its breach than in its observance”, as the Bard would say. Cash flow is generally tight for new developers, and they perhaps cannot afford to pay. They can deliver a Certificate at the closing, indicating that the common areas fees are paid with respect to the Unit which is being purchased. It may well be a different story for the unsold Units.

My suggestion in this area is that the real estate professionals representing the BUYER need to be militant. Place a provision in the Purchase and Sale Agreement or Rider where the SELLER makes an affirmative statement that the common area fees for all Units owned by the SELLER are current. Require the SELLER to demonstrate that fact at the closing by bringing a Condominium Bank Statement which  proves that payment has been made.

Once the SELLER understands that there will be no closing without everything being current, there will be a great incentive to make matters right. The numbers can really “explode” unless some approach is taken to require the developer to keep up the monthly payments. It is not a pleasant situation for a new BUYER to walk into a situation where there are financial problems at day one. All of us need to work hard to try to prevent this.

If you are looking for suggested P & S language for these situations, please contact me at etopkins@topbev.com. I am a Massachusetts real estate attorney, but I am reasonably confident that the language I have developed will hold up in other jurisdictions, as well.

Delinquent Common Area Fees–The Only Policy is ZERO TOLERANCE

Uncategorized, , , ,

It was the late 1980’s. Condominiums in Massachusetts were literally going “broke” because unit owners were not paying their common area fees. That meant that water bills and common electricity bills were not being paid. The towns and utilities tried to work with the Trustees to the extent they could. In many situations, Condominiums went bankrupt because the amounts due and owing got “out of hand”.

But help was on the way. Condominium Trade groups organized in states across the country started drafting new, and effective, legislation which gave Condominiums some clout with the Unit Owners. Massachusetts adopted this statute in 1992. It should have proved a Godsend, but unfortunately, it has not. There are still condominiums in trouble because of delinquencies. The statute involved, which has become part of Section 6 of Chapter 183A, is not being used to its fullest capacity.

In effect the new statute gave the Trustees tremendous power to collect. Fall behind by 60 days or more, and the Trustees can commence an action against you, force you to pay penalties and legal fees, and if you do not get caught up, sell your Unit at foreclosure and wipe out all mortgagees.

The last sentence is the important one. Once this type of action is commenced, the only thing the Trustees need to do is notify the Mortgage Lender(s) for the Unit. It has been my experience that the Unit Common area fees get “caught up” in days. WHY, you ask? Because if the Lender does not pay, in full (including attorneys fees and penalties) the Lender will lose out on the collateral.

So, my advice to each and every person reading this post who owns a condominium is to question your Trustees to make sure they have an automatic procedure for collectionm once Common Area fees become 60 days deliquent. If they so not, they should, and there should be zero tolerance for not proceeding. The enforcement action costs the Condominium nothing!!!!

If any of you have further questions on enforcement procedures, please contact me at etopkins@topbev.com. This is an important Condominium right, and SHOULD NOT EVER BE IGNORED OR DELAYED.

The post set forth above was originally included in my blog, www.realtorsresourceblog.com, which is intended to assist the real estate profession with various topical issues. I am an experienced Massachusetts real estate and estate planning attorney. I hope you will find these materials useful.

Condominium Operations–It’s Time for a Change

Condominium, , , , ,

Over the years, I have had many opportunities to become part of the Condominium process. I have drafted Condominium Documents, both conversions and new projects. I have closed literally thousands of mortgage loans, which involved either Condominium purchases or refinancing. I have also represented Buyers and Sellers of Condominium Units of all shapes and sizes. Based on my experiences, the following changes need to be implemented in Condominium operations, and we, as real estate professionals, need to be leading the way through our Boards and Legislative contacts to effect the following:

1. Condominiums Should be Required to file Annual Reports with the Secretary of State.     Most Condominiums do not keep current the names of the Trustees for the Condominium. I have, on many occasions, received 6(d) Certificates executed by individuals who are not the Trustees of record. In their Annual Report, the Condominium would be required to name the current Trustees, and affirm that the requisite filings have been made at the appropriate Registry of Deeds.

 2. Condominiums with Six (6) or more units Should be Required to produce, and keep current, Condominium websites. There is much too much inefficiency involved when a Condominium Unit owner attempts to sell his or her Unit. At the very least, the Condominium website will contain the following sections:

          a. Floors plan for each Unit. These are on record at the Registry of Deeds, but they are relatively easy to replicate on a website.

          b. A set of CURRENT Condominium Documents. Put them on the website as they exist at the Registry of Deeds, including all amendments. If nothing else, this will save the many trees which are killed to copy sets of Condominium Master Deeds and Declarations of Trust. The Buyer’s attorney can do his or her review of the Documents from the website. So can the Lender or the closing agent. Everyone wins, except Staples.

          c. The name of the current Management Company,if one exists, along with telephone number and email address of the contact person. Someone needs to be in charge of providing financial information to the putative Buyer. The website can designate that person.

          d. The website will contain a “ready to print” form of 6(d) Certificate. It is an outrage for a Seller to be required to pay $50 or $100 to the Management Company to deliver a 6(d) Certificate. It should be able to be printed out, at any time, and ready for Trustee(s) signature.

3. Condominiums Need to do a Review of their Documents, at least once every five(5) years. There are some very old documents in place, which are not responsive to modern Condominium living.  Rights of first refusal were in vogue in the 1970’s and 1980’s. What real purpose do they serve now? Some descriptions of common areas are prolix. Many lenders are requiring Condominiums to have arbitration provisions with regard to disputes. Older documents rarely, if ever, contain arbitration provisions.

4. Condominium Trustees need to be more vigilant in terms of collecting Delinquent Common Area fees. There is a statute in place which gives the Condominium Trustees broad powers to collect delinquent fees. Many of us in the Massachusetts Bar fought long and hard to have this provision enacted after some Condominiums in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s went bankrupt under the crush of non-paying Unit owners. We are in a difficult economy at present. That does not excuse non-payment of Common Area fees. Many Trustees are totally unaware of their rights to collect these fees. In case my readers do not know, the Trustees can commence a collection action, charge the Unit owner, in full, for attorneys fees and the obtain a judgement which will permit the Condominium to foreclose on the Unit, with rights ahead of even the First, and other,Mortgagees. That being the case, it has been my experience that as soon as this collection action is commenced by the Trustees, the Mortgagee(s0) steps in and makes the Unit current on its Condominium Fees. It should be a requirement in the Condominium Statute that the Trustees commence an action at any time a Unit is two months behind in paying common area fees.

The ideas set forth herein are not new, but they need to be acted upon. The current, inefficient way that Condominiums are being operated limits our opprotunities as real estate professionals. I would welcome any further suggestins any of you may have. I live with these probelms every day, and,probably, so do you.